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1. Windows 1.0
This is the first time the operating system launched by Microsoft Windows called Windows 1.0, this version does have a lot of shortcomings advised that this is the first version that is less popular in the market. At first this version would be named by the Interface Manager but Microsoft does not seem to agree.
2. Windows version 2.0
A few years subsequently the windows launch windows version 2, version of the program can be a little popular compared to previous version. Which makes it popular is because adanay artificial graphics and any Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word. This is the beginning of Microsoft's success.
3. Windows 3.0
Microsoft Windows achieving significant success finally launched the Windows version 3.0 in 1990. This version offers the ability for windows applications, is also able to allow users to run applications in MS - DOS simultaneously. This version can be run with 3 modes namely the real mode, standard, Enhanced 386 and also compatible with the intel.
4. Windows NT
Microsoft continues to develop until the release of Windows NT. But this version is not so much support from the driver because its development is considered complicated by several developers. This release is also considered to be wasteful of resources despite offering high performance.
5. Windows 95
Version on 32bit architecture design, although there are still some which the kernel uses 16bit for reasons of backward compatibility. The new GUI which make this version different. This release was launched on 24 August 1995.
6. Windows NT 4.0
This release of UNIX successfully threaten the dominance of the corporate market. Was developed as part of Windows NT to introduce to the market workstastion. Has an interface similar to Windows 95.
7. Windows 98
Introduced on 25 June 1998, this version is considered as a minor revision to Windows 95. Supported by the FAT32 file system which better which allow the partition to have a greater capacity is 2GB. This release in a version of Windows 9x claim most stable among the 9x versions previously.
8. Windows 2000
Released in February 2000 tang 17 is an earlier version known as Windows NT 5.0. windows 2000 was created with the aim to gain market share workstation and server markets. This release based on the last NT kernel that requires the wearer to activation. Windows can update the previously computer use windows 98.
9. Windows Me
Released in September 2000. This release is more prominent with multimedia support and better internet, also incorporate a system restore which megizinkan users to restore the situation returns to normal.
10. Windows XP
Launched in 2001, this version of Windows NT 5.1 kernel renowned for its stability. This release known as the old version because it ranges from 2001 to 2007.
11. Windows Vista
Released on 30 November 2006 is designed to have a more robust security and also lure the user with the Windows Aero GUI and also offers a more secure Internet Explorer and Windows Media Player.
12. Windows 7
Next is the latest release of Windows 7 was released on 22 October 2009 has security and features - new features. And also has a unique features that is free gadgets in place everywhere on the desktop.
13. Windows 8
Launched in 2011 which first using the start menu metro. And this version continues to grow to this day in the know with windows 8.1. This version has unique features include the installation process and the boot prompt.
Windows Vista
After great success with Windows XP, Microsoft does not necessarily stop just develop Windows. The latest version of Windows, called Windows Vista, released on November 30, 2006 [1] for the business while for the home users released on January 30, 2007. Windows Vista is launched in order to have a more robust security than previous versions , by introducing a limited user mode, which referred to as user Account Control (UAC), to replace the philosophy of "administrator-by-default" imposed on Windows XP. Windows Vista also introduces a feature graph is much more "alluring", which is called Windows Aero GUI, new applications (such as Windows Calendar, Windows DVD Maker and some new games including Chess Titans, Mahjong, and Purble Place). In addition, Windows Vista also offers a version of Microsoft Internet Explorer more secure, as well as a new version of Windows Media Player (version 11).
Windows Vista, Aero graphical interface displays her alluring, the Welcome screen and the Start menu.
Windows Vista uses the version number 6.0, so that there is a significant difference when compared to the version with Windows XP which uses the version number 5.1 or Windows Server 2003 (5.2). Because, it is Windows Vista has many fundamental differences, particularly on the part of the basic architecture of the operating system.
Windows Vista is sold in several editions:
Windows Vista Starter
Windows Vista Home Basic
Windows Vista Home Premium
Windows Vista Business
Windows Vista Enterprise
Windows Vista Ultimate
Windows XP
In 2001, Microsoft introduced Windows XP (which have codenamed "Whistler" during development. Finally, after releasing some Windows-based versions of Windows 9x and NT, Microsoft managed to unite both the product line. Windows XP using the Windows NT 5.1 kernel, making Windows NT kernel which known for its stability entering the home consumer market, to replace Windows 9x-based products 16/32-bit aging.
Windows XP is the operating system version of Windows which the longest (at least until recently), because of it ranges from 2001 to 2007, when Windows Vista was released to consumers. The ranks of the Windows XP operating system finally passed by Windows Vista on January 30, 2007.
Windows XP is available in several versions:
Windows XP Home Edition, which is intended for home desktop and laptop market.
Windows XP Home Edition N, the same as the Home Edition usual, but do not have Windows Media Player, because the EU regulations do not allow it.
Windows XP Professional, which aimed at power users and businesses.
Windows XP Professional N, the same as the Professional Edition, but do not have Windows Media Player, because of EU regulations do not allow it.
Windows XP Media Center Edition (MCE), released in November 2002, is Windows XP Home Edition is intended for laptop and desktop environment with an emphasis on home entertainment.
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2003
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2004
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005, which was released on October 12, 2004.
Windows XP Tablet PC Edition, intended for Tablet PC (PC with a touch screen)
Windows XP Tablet PC Edition 2005
Windows XP Embedded, which is intended for embedded systems (embedded systems)
Windows XP Starter Edition, which is intended for computer users in developing countries.
Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, which was released on 25 April 2005 for the home-based systems and workstations that use a 64-bit processor-based instruction set x86-64 (AMD64 or Intel EM64T).
Windows XP 64-bit Edition, is a version of Windows XP which intended for the Intel Itanium processor family, which maintains compatibility with 32-bit applications using the emulator software. This release the same as Windows XP Professional, in terms of its features. This product was discontinued in September 2005 when the last vendor discontinue Itanium processor-based workstation products as "workstations", because they tend to focus on Itanium as a computer database server.
Windows XP 64-bit Edition, 2003, was made based on the code base of Windows NT 5.2 (same as Windows Server 2003).
Windows 98
On June 25, 1998, Microsoft released a new Windows operating system, known as Windows 98. Windows 98 was considered as a minor revision of the Windows 95, but in general be much more stable and reliable than its predecessor, Windows 95. Windows 98 includes many new hardware drivers and support the FAT32 file system which better which allow the partition to have a capacity greater than 2 gigabytes, a restriction contained in Windows 95. USB support in Windows 98 was also much better than its predecessor.
Windows 98 invited controversy when Microsoft entering the Microsoft Internet Explorer web browser into the operating system and can not be revoked, so that makes Windows Explorer and Windows GUI capable of displaying the directory as if the web page. This opens up a new case, which referred to as the United States versus Microsoft, who asked why Microsoft bother maintain its dominance in the personal computer operating systems to compete with its competitors such as Netscape and IBM in a way which dishonest.
In 1999, Microsoft released Windows 98 Second Edition, a release which offers many improvements over previous versions. Internet Connection Sharing, which is a form of Network Address Translation, which allow multiple machines in a local network to be able to use a single Internet connection lines together were introduced in this version. Many minor issues in the Windows long been corrected, which makes Windows 98 by many people as a Windows 9x version most stable among all other versions of Windows 9x.
Windows ME
In September 2000, Microsoft introduced the Windows Millennium Edition (also known as Windows Me or Windows ME). This release update Windows 98 with the support of multimedia and the Internet better. This release also includes the "System Restore," which allows users to restore the system to a known point is fine, when the operating system failure. System Restore is the feature which still maintained in Windows XP. This release also introduced the first version of Windows Movie Maker.
Windows Me was made in a short time, approximately merely one year, which is intended merely to fill in the gaps between the release of Windows 98 and Windows XP as the operating system for home-based class. The features found in Windows Me (such as Internet Explorer 5.5, Windows Media Player 7.0, and Microsoft DirectX 7.1) can even be obtained for free from the Windows Update site, except for System Restore. As a result, Windows Me was not considered as an operating system which unique among the brothers of the family Windows 9x, Windows 95 and Windows 98. Windows Me was also criticized for the emergence of stability problems, and also support for MS-DOS which running in the mode estate. People even called Windows Me as Windows Mistake Edition.
Windows Me is the latest operating system which is based on a monolithic kernel Windows 9x and MS-DOS. This release became the latest version of the Windows operating system which does not have Windows Product Activation (WPA).
Windows 2000
Microsoft released Windows 2000 on February 17, 2000, an previous version known as Windows NT 5.0 or "NT 5.0". Version of Windows 2000 is intended for two market share, the market share of the workstation and server market share.
Among the features of Windows 2000 Active Directory is the most significant, a network model replacement NT domain network model, which uses technology which is the industry standard, such as the Domain Name System (DNS), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), and Kerberos for connects between a machine to another. Windows Terminal Services as well, which on Windows NT 4.0 merely present in one product, on a Windows 2000 server is present in all versions. New features adopted from Windows 98 is also embedded in it, such as Device Manager has been upgraded (using the Microsoft Management Console), Windows Media Player, and DirectX 6.1 (which allows the operating system based on Windows NT kernel to run the game). Windows 2000 also is a kernel-based versions of Windows NT which does not require users Last to do the activation to it.
Although Windows 2000 can update which previous computer running Windows 98, Windows 2000 is not considered as a product suitable for home users. The reasons are many, among them the lack of device drivers for many devices such users scanner (scanner) and also printer (printer), at the time of release. The situation eventually turned on when Windows XP was released by Microsoft.
Windows 2000 is available in six editions, namely:
Windows 2000 Professional
Windows 2000 Server
Windows 2000 Advanced Server
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server
Windows 2000 Advanced Server Limited Edition
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server Limited Edition
Windows 95
After Windows 3.11, Microsoft began to start developing a version of Windows which oriented to the user code-named Chicago. Chicago was designed to mmeiliki support for pre-emptive multitasking 32-bit as well as contained in the OS / 2 and Windows NT, although the 16-bit kernel is still contained in it for the sake of backward compatibility. The Win32 API was first introduced in Windows NT was adopted as a new programming interface standards-based 32-bit, with Win16 compatibility is also maintained by using a technique called the "thunking". The new GUI is also owned by the operating system, although not originally planned as part of the operating system when it is released. Indeed, some elements of the user interface of the Cairo borrowed and added to the operating system tersbut as other aspects of the versions (notably Plug and Play).
Microsoft does not replace all the code to 32-bit Windows; many parts of it remained in the form of 16-bit (though not using real-mode directly), for reasons of backward compatibility, performance, and development time. This and the fact that many weaknesses in the design of previous Windows versions, make a new operating system is disrupted efficiency and stability.
Finally, the marketing of Microsoft using Windows 95 as the name of the product name for Chicago when it was released on August 24, 1995. Microsoft has two advantages of this launch: 1) it is impossible for consumers to run Windows 95 on the DOS operating system is not by Microsoft which much cheaper; 2) although traces of DOS were never completely removed from the operating system, instead of the version of plugging a DOS version to be published as part of the boot process, Windows 95 runs by itself in 386 Enhanced mode, using virtual memory and memory addressing model of flats 32-bit. These features make Win32 applications to address the virtual RAM maximum of 2 gigabytes (with 2 gigabytes rest are reserved for the operating system), and in theory prevent the application to the memory space which owned by another Win32 application without the approval of the operating system. In this case, the functionality of Windows 95 approaching what is owned by Windows NT, although Windows 95/98 / Me does not support more than 512 megabytes without editing which system configuration hassle.
Behind the success of Microsoft, IBM continued to market OS / 2, to produce the OS / 2 version 3.0 and OS / 2 Warp (version 4.0). IBM responded to complaints filed by consumers regarding the need for high computer hardware required by the OS / 2 version 2.0, OS / 2 version 3.0 was significantly slimmer by optimizing the size and speed. Before Windows 95 was released, OS / 2 Warp 3.0 even has bundled in some major hardware providers in Germany. However, with the release of Windows 95, OS / 2 was again lost market share back, was taken over by Windows 95.
It may not be possible to find out what is the reason why OS / 2 failed to gain a large market share. Although OS / 2 continues to be able to run Windows 3.1 applications, is already no shortage again, but at a fraction of the Windows API called Win32s. Unlike Windows 3.1, IBM does not have access to the source code of Windows 95 and do not want to use the time and resources available to do the emulation of the Win32 API. IBM also introduced the OS / 2 in the case of United States vs. Microsoft, to blame marketing tactics on the part of Microsoft, but many people may agree that the problem in the marketing and support of IBM was very less than the software developers that cause failures OS / 2.
Before replacing it with a new version of Windows, Microsoft released Windows 95 in five different versions, namely as follows:
Windows 95 - the actual release of Windows 95
Windows 95 A - includes updates Windows 95 Original Service Release 1 (OSR1) is entered directly on the installation.
Windows 95 B - includes several other major updates, as well as the FAT32 file system, and Internet Explorer 3.0. This release is also known as Windows 95 OSR2, or many people in Indonesia call it Windows 97.
Windows 95 B USB - Windows 95 or Windows 95 OSR2.1 is a version that offers hardware support for bus-based Universal Serial Bus / USB.
Windows 95 C - or Windows 95 OSR2.5 includes all the above features, plus Internet Explorer 4.0. This version is the most recent version of Windows 95 was released from the series.
Windows 95 OSR2, OSR2.1 and OSR2.5 not released to the public, but only to OEMs who want to use the operating system into the computer makes. Some OEM company even sells a new hard disk with the operating system Windows 95 OSR2 in it.
In addition to the features contained in the Windows 95, Microsoft also introduced the Microsoft Plus! for Windows 95 which includes some additional features not shared by Windows 95.
Windows 3.0
Microsoft Windows eventually achieve significant success when stepping on version 3.0 which was released in 1990. In addition to offering upgrades to Windows applications, Windows 3.0 is also able to allow users to run multiple MS-DOS applications simultaneously (multitasking), because it is in this version has introduced virtual memory. This release precisely what makes the IBM PC and compatibles serious challenger to the Apple Macintosh. This is due to the increase processing performance charts at that time (with the graphics card Video Graphics Array (VGA)), and also protected mode / 386 Enhanced mode that allows Windows applications to use more memory in a way which easier compared to what offered by MS-DOS.
Windows 3.0 can run in three modes, namely real mode, standard mode, and 386 Enhanced mode, and is compatible with the Intel family of processors from Intel 8086/8088, 80286, up to 80386 Windows 3.0 will try to detect which mode will used, although the user can force the Windows work in a certain mode using certain switches when running
win / r: force Windows to run in real mode
win / s: force Windows to run in standard mode
win / 3: force Windows to run in 386 Enhanced mode.
Version 3.0 is also the first version of Windows that runs in protected mode, although the 386 enhanced mode is an enhanced version of the kernel of the protected mode kernel in Windows / 386.
Because of the backward compatibility feature, Windows 3.0 application must be compiled using a 16-bit environment, so that did not use the capabilities of the Intel 80386 microprocessor, which is actually a 32-bit processor.
Windows 3.0 also comes in a version of "multimedia", which is called Windows 3.0 with Multimedia Extensions 1.0, which was released a few months subsequently. This release is bundled with the existence of "multimedia upgrade kits", which consists of a CD-ROM drive and a sound card, like Creative Labs Sound Blaster Pro. This release is the pioneer of all the multimedia features present in later versions of Windows, such as Windows 3.1 and Windows for Workgroups, and become part of the Microsoft Multimedia PC specification.
The features mentioned above and support of application software market is growing to make Windows 3.0 is very successful in the market. Noted, in the two years prior to the release version of Windows 3.1, Windows 3.0 sold over 10 million copies. Finally, Windows 3.0 became a major source of income of Microsoft, and Microsoft do the make some revisions to the original plan.
Windows 3.1
In response to the release of the IBM OS / 2 version 2.0 to the market, Microsoft developed Windows 3.1, which offers some minor improvements to Windows 3.0 (as well as the ability to display the Fonts TrueType fonts, which was developed jointly by Apple), and also contained in it a lot of fixes to bugs and support for multimedia. Version 3.1 also removes support for real mode, so it merely runs in protected mode which only the Intel 80286 microprocessor or higher again. Microsoft is finally released Windows 3.11, which is the Windows version 3.1 which includes all the patches and fixes which released after Windows 3.1 was launched in 1992.
Windows 2.0
Windows version 2 came out on December 9, 1987, and became little more popular than its predecessor. Most gained in popularity because of of its proximity to graphical applications made by Microsoft, Microsoft Excel for Windows and Microsoft Word for Windows. Windows applications can be run from MS-DOS, and then enter Windows to do the the operation, and will come out by itself when the application is closed.
Microsoft Windows finally gained a significant improvement when Aldus PageMaker appeared in versions for Windows, which previous could only run on the Macintosh. Some computer historians record this as the emergence of a significant application behavior apart by Microsoft as early success of Windows.
Windows version 2.0x using real-mode memory model, which is only able to access up to 1 megabyte of memory. In such configurations, Windows can run other apps multitasking, sort DESQview, which running in protected mode offered by the Intel 80286.
Windows 2.1
Furthermore, two new versions released, the Windows / 286 2.1 and Windows / 386 2.1. As with previous versions of Windows, Windows / 286 using real-mode memory model, but it was the first version to support the High Memory Area (HMA). Windows / 386 2.1 has a kernel running in protected mode to the emulation Expanded Memory Specification (EMS) standard Lotus-Intel-Microsoft (LIM), the predecessor specifications Extended Memory Specification (XMS) which would finally change the topology of computing in the IBM PC. All Windows and DOS-based application while it is running in real mode, which goes over the protected mode kernel by using the virtual 8086 mode, which is a new feature which owned by the Intel 80386.
2:03 version 3.0 and subsequently versions getting demands from Apple because it is version 2.1 has the appearance of a window in cascade mode (stacked), in addition to several features the Apple Macintosh operating system which "emulated" by Windows, its main is a problem the display / look and feel. Judge William Schwarzer ended up canceling the all 189 charges, except 9 charges filed by Apple against Microsoft on January 5, 1989.
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